Top 10 Advance Java Interview questions? What are the differences between abstract classes and interfaces in Java? What is the difference between ArrayList and LinkedList in Java? What is the purpose of the finalize() method in Java? What is polymorphism in Java and how is it achieved? What are the different types of inner classes in Java? What is the difference between static and non-static methods in Java? What are the different types of exceptions in Java and how do they differ? What is the difference between checked and unchecked exceptions in Java? How does Java handle multithreading and synchronization? What are the different types of JDBC drivers in Java and how do they differ?
What is Java?
It is an object-oriented language similar to C++, but with advanced and simplified features. Java is free to access and can run on all platforms. Java is a write-once, run-anywhere programming language developed by Sun Microsystems. It is similar to C and C++ but a lot easier. You can combine Java with a lot of technologies like Spring, node js, Android, Hadoop, J2EE, etc… to build robust, scalable, portable, and distributed full-fledged applications. Java also promotes continuous integration and testing using tools like Selenium. Java was originally developed by James Gosling with his colleagues at Sun Microsystems during the early 1990s. Initially, it was called a project ‘Oak’ which had implementation similar to C and C++. The name Java has later selected after enough brainstorming and is based on the name of an espresso bean. Java 1.0, the first version was released in 1995 with the tagline ‘write once, run anywhere. Later, Sun Microsystems was acquired by Oracle. From there, there has been no looking back. The latest version of Java is Java 12 released in March 2019. Oracle Corporation is the current owner of the official implementation of the Java SE platform, following their acquisition of Sun Microsystems on January 27, 2010. This implementation is based on the original implementation of Java by Sun. The Oracle implementation is available for Microsoft Windows, Mac OS X, Linux, and Solaris.
Features of Java
Simple: Java has made life easier by removing all the complexities such as pointers, operator overloading as you see in C++ or any other programming language.
Portable: Java is platform-independent which means that any application written on one platform can be easily ported to another platform.
Object-oriented: Everything is considered to be an “object” that possesses some state, and behavior, and all the operations are performed using these objects.
Dynamic: It has the ability to adapt to an evolving environment that supports dynamic memory allocation due to which memory wastage is reduced and the performance of the application is increased.
Robust: Java has a strong memory management system. It helps in eliminating errors as it checks the code during compile and runtime.
Interpreted: Java is compiled to bytecodes, which are interpreted by a Java run-time environment.
Multithreaded: The Java platform is designed with multithreading capabilities built into the language. That means you can build applications with many concurrent threads of activity, resulting in highly interactive and responsive applications.
Platform Independent: Java code is compiled into intermediate format (bytecode), which can be executed on any systems for which Java virtual machine is ported. That means you can write a Java program once and run it on Windows, Mac, Linux, or Solaris without re-compiling. Thus the slogan “Write once, run anywhere” of Java.
Secure: The Java platform is designed with security features built into the language and runtime system such as static type-checking at compile time and runtime checking (security manager), which let you create applications that can’t be invaded from outside.
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